China’s forced assimilation of Uyghurs is repugnant and dehumanizing
By Habib Siddiqui
Last
week, on Tuesday (Oct. 29, 2019) two groups of United Nations member states
issued dueling statements over China's treatment of the predominantly Muslim Uyghur minority in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), highlighting
a global divide on Beijing's human rights record.
Speaking at the UN
General Assembly on Tuesday, Karen Pierce, a representative for the UK issued a
statement on behalf of 23 countries raising concerns over gross human rights abuses in Xinjiang: "(There are) credible reports of mass
detention, efforts to restrict cultural and religious practices, mass
surveillance disproportionately targeting ethnic Uyghurs, and other human
rights violations and abuses in the region."
The 23 countries,
including the United States, Canada, Japan and Australia, all called on China
to "uphold its national and
international obligations and commitments to respect human rights," as
well as to provide access to Xinjiang for international monitors.
Shortly after the UK's
statement in the UN, however, Belarus, Beijing's ally, made its own statement in
a press release on behalf of 54 countries voicing approval of China's "counter-terrorism" program in Xinjiang: "The joint statement spoke positively
of the results of counter-terrorism and de-radicalization measures in Xinjiang
and noted that these measures have effectively safeguarded the basic human
rights of people of all ethnic groups."
Signatories included
Russia, Egypt, Bolivia, North Korea, Cuba, Venezuela, Democratic
Republic of Congo and Serbia – which have all been condemned for their terrible
records of human rights in their own countries.
There is little doubt
though that China’s support in the UN has grown significantly in the last three
months. And this, in spite of the fresh reports of serious abuses of human
dignity and rights by Beijing in Xinjiang.
Male
Han Chinese “relatives” assigned to monitor the homes of Uyghur families in
XUAR regularly sleep
in the same beds as the wives of men detained in the region’s internment camps,
according to reliable sources who have overseen the forced stayovers. The “Pair
Up and Become Family” program is one of several repressive policies targeting
Uyghurs in the region.
A
Communist Party cadre in Kashgar (Kashi) prefecture’s Yengisar (Yingjisha)
county said that “Normally
one or two people sleep in one bed, and if the weather is cold, three people
sleep together.” According to the cadre, if a household does not have a bed,
family members and “relatives” all sleep on the same sleeping platform, with a
small amount of space between one another.
The
head of a local neighborhood committee in Yengisar county, who also declined to
be named, confirmed that male officials regularly sleep in the same beds or
sleeping platforms with female members of Uyghur households during their home
stays. “Yes, they all sleep on the same platform,” the committee chief said.
Credible
reports from Xinjiang also suggest that Uyghurs who protest hosting “relatives”
as part of the “Pair Up and Become Family” program, or refuse to take part in
study sessions or other activities with the officials in their homes, are
subject to additional restrictions or could face detention in the camp system.
According
to New York-based Human Rights Watch (HRW), in December 2017, authorities
greatly expanded the October 2016 Pair Up and Become Family drive—which saw
more than 100,000 officials visit mostly Uyghur homes in southern XUAR every
two months—to mobilize more than a million cadres to spend a week living in
homes, primarily in rural areas.
The “home stay” program was extended in early 2018 and cadres now spend at least five days every two months in the families’ homes, HRW said, adding that “there is no evidence to suggest that families can refuse such visits.”
The “home stay” program was extended in early 2018 and cadres now spend at least five days every two months in the families’ homes, HRW said, adding that “there is no evidence to suggest that families can refuse such visits.”
Activities
that take place during visits are documented in reports with accompanying
photos—many of which can be found on the social media accounts of participating
agencies—and show scenes of “relatives” involved in intimate aspects of
domestic life, such as making beds and sleeping together, sharing meals, and
feeding and tutoring children. There is no indication the families have
consented to posting these images online.
HRW has called the home stays an example of “deeply invasive forced assimilation practices” and said they “not only violate basic rights, but are also likely to foster and deepen resentment in the region.”
HRW has called the home stays an example of “deeply invasive forced assimilation practices” and said they “not only violate basic rights, but are also likely to foster and deepen resentment in the region.”
HRW
is absolutely right. This is the height of immoral crime not only against the families
of those detained Uyghurs whose wives but now ‘pair up’ with a Han Chinese but
also against all the established norms of civility and decency that we enjoy as
human beings. It is a slap to nearly 1.7 billion Muslims who consider such Han
supremacist programs as sacrilegious, let alone being dehumanizing, shocking,
shameful and highly offensive.
The dueling statements at the UN
General Assembly are non-binding, but highlight the global divide
on China’s human rights record — particularly as Beijing moves to flex its
diplomatic and economic clout abroad.
Human Rights groups have repeatedly
said based on highly credible sources that more than one million Uighurs and
other mostly Muslim ethnic minorities have been rounded up in internment camps
in Xinjiang. After initially denying their existence, Beijing now defends the
Xinjiang camps as “vocational education centers” that are necessary to counter
religious extremism and terrorism.
The
Munich-based World Uyghur Congress (WUC) exile group applauded the statement
from the UK and its supporters, but said that the response from the U.N. has
been “far from adequate.” “Although we have been deeply disappointed from the
response from the United Nations system, which is obligated to address abuses
on this scale, it is encouraging to see voices still speaking out loudly,” WUC
President Dolkun Isa said in a statement on Oct. 30.
Belarus called on countries who supported the
critical statement to stop "politicizing the human rights issue" and
making "baseless accusations against China."
Obviously, the truth about the accusations can
be settled if the Han supremacist-run state would allow unfettered access to
Xinjiang. But so far, Beijing has refused such access to rights groups.
In September, at an event
on the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, U.S.
Deputy Secretary of State John J. Sullivan said that the U.N. has failed to
hold China to account over its policies in the XUAR and should demand
unfettered access to the region to investigate reports of the mass
incarceration and other rights abuses against Uyghurs.
Last Wednesday, Oct. 30, a
bill that directs the U.S. government to prepare reports on China’s treatment
of Uyghurs was passed in Washington by the Foreign Affairs Committee of the
U.S. House of Representatives, clearing a major hurdle towards becoming law. The
committee added an amendment to Senate Bill 178, the Uyghur Human Rights Policy
Act that would include sanctions and export restrictions to prevent U.S.
technology supply chains from being utilized to help China surveil and identify
people through facial or voice recognition, or biometrics.
“We're talking about
concentration camps,” said Representative Chris Smith (R-N.J.) while discussing
the importance of the bill. “The surveillance at all levels of [Uyghurs’] lives
is unconscionable and it's reminiscent of what the Nazis did, in terms of
rounding people up, torturing them, and putting them into forced labor,” he
added.
The bill was introduced by
Senator Marco Rubio (R-FL) in January and was passed in the Senate on Sept. 11.
It must now pass through the intelligence and judiciary committees before it is
sent to the president to be signed into law.
The Washington-based Uyghur
Human Rights Project (UHRP) issued a statement welcoming the congressional
action that they said “forcefully condemned” the Chinese government’s human
rights crimes against Uyghurs. “The House action on this bill today sends a
strong message that all branches of the U.S. government are taking action to
counter the human rights abuses taking place in East Turkestan,” said UHRP
Director Omer Kanat, using a name preferred by many Uyghurs to refer to their
historic homeland.
Speaking
at a hearing in Washington held by the Congressional-Executive Commission on
China (CECC), witnesses highlighted reports of a widespread system of forced
labor in the XUAR, which requires Uyghurs and other ethnic minority Muslims to
work in the production of textiles, food, and light manufacturing. In addition
to non-detainees, the system has been reported to rely on forced labor from
those held in the XUAR’s vast network of internment camps, where authorities are
believed to have held up to 1.5 million people accused of harboring “strong
religious views” and “politically incorrect” ideas since April 2017.
Adrian
Zenz, an independent researcher who studies China's minority policies, detailed
a forced labor system he called even “more shocking” than that of the
internment camps, which he said involved coerced military, political, and
vocational training for the purpose of working in officially subsidized
companies as part of a “business of oppression.” He said that those who refuse work
assignments are regularly threatened with internment or further detention,
creating a situation in which “forced labor is equated with salvation.”
As I noted
elsewhere, China has long used
prison inmates for forced labor, and since establishing rule in the XUAR in
1949, the Communist Party has relocated prisoners from elsewhere in the country
to the region for hard labor and to “contribute to economic development” there.
China is
the world’s largest cotton producer; some 84 percent of China’s cotton is
produced in the XUAR. Chinese-made garments made by forced labor are sold
worldwide, even here in the USA where China is the largest supplier.
Last week
the U.S. Department of Commerce said that it had blacklisted 28 governmental or
commercial entities from China it believes are implicated in rights abuses in
the XUAR, while U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announced visa restrictions
on Chinese officials seen as “responsible for, or complicit in, the detention
and abuse of Uyghurs, Kazakhs, or other members of Muslim minority groups” in
the region.
While
those moves are welcome, they are not sufficient to stop a rogue government that
has learned to dodge the system. For instance, while the U.S. employs tough
restrictions on the importation of goods made with forced labor under the
Tariff Act of 1930, Beijing has been able to find loopholes to penetrate the US
market, let alone flood the western markets. Such loopholes need to be sealed.
The U.S.
must do more to ensure that goods imported from China are not produced through
forced labor in Xinjiang, where Uyghurs are subject to mass detentions under
the guise of “vocational training.” The western governments should discourage,
and if necessary, punish companies doing business in cotton and ready-made
garments from China.
The
civilized world should seriously adopt policies to stop Nazi-type crimes of the
Han supremacist government in China, failing which I am afraid that the
latter’s corrupting influence via mega Chinese-funded projects would only grow
worldwide. Such influence-buying won’t be limited to corrupt, unpopular and bankrupt
neo-Pharaohs like Sisi of Egypt alone who to appease Xi has lately been incarcerating Uyghurs to be later
forcibly returned to China.
That is
the sad reality of our time when money is corrupting everything it’s touching. Standing
for truth, justice, rights and human decency are becoming a casualty! And Xi’s
Han Chinese – aspiring to claim the number one spot in the race for superpower –
are doing today what the USA used to do decades ago: buying influence. The UN
is proving to be a dysfunctional theater that is at odds with its founding
principles where bullying and buying influence by any means possible are
bankrupting our very humanity or whatever little is left of it. Shame on the
group of 54 for endorsing Nazi-type crimes of Han supremacists!
I wonder
how would the Belarus rep and its supporters for the Chinese motion feel if
their spouses are forced to ‘pair up, sleep in the same bed and become family’
with Han supremacists while they rot in concentration camps! I am sure, no
respectable and conscionable human being would love such a proposition. So, how
dare they endorse something that repugnant that they themselves loathe?
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